Basic Tenses

    For past and present, there are 2 simple tenses + 6 complex tenses (using auxiliary verbs). To these, we can add 4 "modal tenses" for the future (using modal auxiliary verbs will/shall). This makes a total of 12 tenses in the active voice. Another 12 tenses are available in the passive voice. So now we have 24 tenses.
    Some grammar books use the word progressive instead of continuous. They are exactly the same.
    The use of tenses in English may be quite complicated, but the structure of English tenses is actually very simple. The basic structure for a positive sentence is:
    subject + auxiliary verb + main verb
    An auxiliary verb is used in all tenses. (In the simple present and simple past tenses, the auxiliary verb is usually suppressed for the affirmative, but it does exist for intensification.) The following table shows the 12 tenses for the verb to work in the active voice.
    24 Tensespastpresentfuture*
    ACTIVEsimple tensespastpresentfuture
    complex tenses
    formed with
    auxiliary verbs    		past perfectpresent perfectfuture perfect
    past continuouspresent continuousfuture continuous
    past perfect continuouspresent perfect continuousfuture perfect continuous
    PASSIVEpastpresentfuture
    past perfectpresent perfectfuture perfect
    past continuouspresent continuousfuture continuous
    past perfect continuouspresent perfect continuousfuture perfect continuous

    24 Tensespastpresentfuture*
    ACTIVEsimple tensespastpresentfuture
    complex tenses
    formed with
    auxiliary verbs    		past perfectpresent perfectfuture perfect
    past continuouspresent continuousfuture continuous
    past perfect continuouspresent perfect continuousfuture perfect continuous
    PASSIVEpastpresentfuture
    past perfectpresent perfectfuture perfect
    past continuouspresent continuousfuture continuous
    past perfect continuouspresent perfect continuousfuture perfect continuous

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